CUT NYAK DIEN – (KI HAJAR DEWANTARA)
Ki Hajar Dewantara
Hey everyone :)
It's me Tasha! and back again to my blog, how are you today? i hope you still good and healthy.
In this blog, i'll share to you a biography from one of Indonesia's national heroes, especially in education in Indonesia. So here we goo!!
KI HAJAR DEWANTARA
Orientation
Ki Hajar Dewantara is a national education figure. He was born with the name Raden Mas Soewardi Soerjaningrat which we later know as Ki Hadjar Dewantara. He himself was born in the city of Yogyakarta, on May 2, 1889, his birthday is commemorated every year by the Indonesian people as National Education Day. He himself was born into a noble family, he is the son of GPH Soerjaningrat, who is the grandson of Pakualam III. Born as an aristocrat, he is entitled to receive education for the nobility.
Events
Ki Hajar Dewantara was an activist for the Indonesian independence movement, columnist, politician, and a pioneer of education for Indonesian natives from the Dutch colonial era. He is the founder of Perguruan Taman Siswa, an educational institution that provides opportunities for common natives to obtain educational rights just like priyayi and Dutch people.
His date of birth is now celebrated in Indonesia as National Education Day. Part of his motto, tut wuri handayani, has become the slogan of the Indonesian Ministry of National Education. His name is immortalized as one of the names of the Indonesian warship, KRI Ki Hajar Dewantara. His portrait was immortalized on the 1998 issue of 20,000 rupiah banknotes.
He was confirmed as the second national hero by the President of the Republic of Indonesia, Soekarno, on November 28, 1959.
Ki Hadjar Dewantara graduated from elementary school at ELS (Dutch Elementary School) and then continued his studies at STOVIA (Bumiputera Doctor School) but due to illness, he could not finish his school.
Ki Hadjar Dewantara then worked as a journalist for several newspapers including Sedyotomo, Midden Java, De Express, Oetoesan Hindia, Kaoem Moeda, Tjahaja Timoer and Poesara. In his time, Ki Hadjar Dewantara was known as a reliable writer. His writings are very communicative, sharp and patriotic so that they can evoke anti-colonial spirit for their readers.
Apart from working as a young journalist, Ki Hadjar Dewantara is also active in various social and political organizations. In 1908, Ki Hadjar Dewantara was active in the propaganda section of Boedi Oetomo to socialize and raise awareness of the Indonesian people at that time about the importance of unity and integrity in the nation and state. Then, together with Douwes Dekker (Dr. Danudirdja Setyabudhi) and dr. Cipto Mangoenkoesoemo, who would later be known as Tiga Serangkai, Ki Hadjar Dewantara founded the Indische Partij (the first political party with Indonesian nationalism) on 25 December 1912 with the aim of achieving an independent Indonesia.
They tried to register this organization to obtain legal entity status with the Dutch colonial government. But the Dutch colonial government through the Governor General Idenburg refused the registration on March 11, 1913 because this organization was considered to be able to arouse a sense of nationalism and people's unity to oppose the Dutch colonial government.
President Soekarno trusted Ki Hadjar Dewantara to become the first Minister of Education, Teaching and Culture. Through this position, Ki Hadjar Dewantara is increasingly free to improve the quality of education in Indonesia. In 1957, Ki Hadjar Dewantara received an Honori Klausa Doctorate from Gajah Mada University.
Re-orientation
Two years after receiving the title of Doctor Honoris Causa, on April 28, 1959, Ki Hadjar Dewantara died in Yogyakarta and was buried there. Now, the name Ki Hadjar Dewantara is not only immortalized as a figure and hero of education (the father of National Education) whose birth date is May 2 as National Education day, but is also designated as the Hero of the National Movement through a decree of the President of the Republic of Indonesia dated November 28, 1959.
That's a brief biographical description of Ki Hajar Dewantara, hopefully we can take moral values, especially in terms of education.
And the following below is my assignment:
1, Structure text from biograpy Cut Nyak Dien
(ORIENTATION)
Cut Nyak Dhien was a leader of the Acehnese guerrilla forces during the Aceh War. She was born in Lampadang in 1848. Following the death of her husband Teuku Umar, she led guerrilla actions against the Dutch for 25 years. She was awarded the title of Indonesian National Hero on 2 May 1964 by the Indonesian government.
Cut Nyak Dhien was born into an Islamic aristocratic family in Aceh Besar. Her father, Teuku Nanta Setia, was a member of the ruling Ulèë Balang aristocratic class in VI mukim, and her mother was also from an aristocratic family. She was educated in religion and household matters. She was renowned for her beauty, and many men proposed to marry her. Finally, she married Teuku Cik Ibrahim Lamnga, the son of an aristocratic family, when she was twelve.
(EVENT)
On 26 March 1873, the Dutch declared war on Aceh. In November 1873, during the Second Aceh Expedition, the Dutch successfully captured VI mukim in 1873, followed by the Sultan’s Palace in 1874.
In 1875, Cut Nyak Dhien and her baby, along with other mothers, were evacuated to a safer location while her husband Ibrahim Lamnga fought to reclaim VI mukim. Lamnga died in action on June 29, 1878. Hearing this, Cut Nyak Dhien was enraged and swore to destroy the Dutch.
Some time later, Teuku Umar proposed to marry her. Learning that Teuku Umar would allow her to fight, she accepted his proposal. They were married in 1880. This greatly boosted the morale of Aceh armies in their fight against Dutch. Teuku Umar and Cut Nyak Dhien had a daughter, Cut Gambang.
The war continued, and the Acehnese declared Holy War against the Dutch, and were engaged in guerrilla warfare. Undersupplied, Teuku Umar surrendered to the Dutch forces on September 30, 1893 along with 250 of his men. The Dutch army welcomed him and appointed him as a commander, giving him the title of Teuku Umar Johan Pahlawan. However, Teuku Umar secretly planned to betray the Dutch. Two years later Teuku Umar set out to assault Aceh, but he instead deserted with his troops taking with them heavy equipment, weapons, and ammunition, using these supplies to help the Acehnese. This is recorded in Dutch history as “Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar” (the treason of Teuku Umar).
The Dutch general Johannes Benedictus van Heutsz sent a spy to Aceh. Teuku Umar was killed during a battle when the Dutch launched a surprise attack on him in Meulaboh. When Cut Gambang cried over his death, Cut Nyak Dhien slapped her and then she hugged her and said: “As Acehnese women, we may not shed tears for those who have been martyred.
”After her husband died, Cut Nyak Dhien continued to resist the Dutch with her small army until its destruction in 1901, as the Dutch adapted their tactics to the situation in Aceh. Furthermore, Cut Nyak Dhien suffered from nearsightedness and arthritis as she got older. The number of her troops was also decreasing and they suffered from lack of supplies.
Re-orientation
One of her troops, Pang Laot, told the Dutch the location of her headquarters in Beutong Le Sageu. The Dutch attacked, catching Dhien and her troops by surprise. Despite desperately fighting back, Dhien was captured. Her daughter, Cut Gambang, escaped and continued the resistance. Dhien was brought to Banda Aceh and her myopia and arthritis slowly healed, but in the end she was exiled to Sumedang, West Java because the Dutch were afraid she would mobilize the resistance of Aceh people. She died on 6 November 1908.
2. Short bio from Cut Nyak Dien :
Name : Cut Nyak Dien
3.Taskfrom link :
4. Task from Gform :
5. Task from Book page 152 :
That's enough in this blog for today, hopefully it can get moral value to all of you.
See you on my next blog! byee 👋🏻
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